{"id":11951,"date":"2023-04-12T22:31:13","date_gmt":"2023-04-12T22:31:13","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/bestratefinders.com\/blog\/?p=11951"},"modified":"2023-04-12T23:00:50","modified_gmt":"2023-04-12T23:00:50","slug":"the-20-rep-squat-program-for-old-school-size-and-strength","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bestratefinders.com\/blog\/everything-else\/the-20-rep-squat-program-for-old-school-size-and-strength\/","title":{"rendered":"The 20-Rep Squat Program for Old School Size and Strength"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Tell an experienced lifter to do 20 reps of <a href=\"https:\/\/breakingmuscle.com\/hammer-curls-vs-biceps-curls\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-lasso-id=\"228937\">curls<\/a> and they\u2019ll say it\u2019s too easy. Tell them to do 20 reps of <a href=\"https:\/\/breakingmuscle.com\/pull-up\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-lasso-id=\"228938\">pull-ups<\/a> and they\u2019ll say it\u2019s too hard. Tell them to do 20 reps of <a href=\"https:\/\/breakingmuscle.com\/back-squat-vs-front-squat\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-lasso-id=\"228939\">squats<\/a> and, if they know their stuff, they\u2019ll start to tremble.<\/p>\n<p>The 20-rep squat program has a long and fabled history in the strength and fitness community because it emphasizes the basics: the classic barbell back squat, plenty of hard work, and a fair amount of mental and physical endurance.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"760\" height=\"427\" src=\"http:\/\/bestratefinders.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/Shutterstock_266028056.jpg\" alt=\"Person in gym squatting with barbell\" class=\"wp-image-186025\" srcset=\"http:\/\/bestratefinders.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/Shutterstock_266028056.jpg 760w, https:\/\/breakingmuscle.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/Shutterstock_266028056-120x68.jpg 120w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 760px) 100vw, 760px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Credit: Bojan656 \/ Shutterstock<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>This time-tested plan is sometimes referred to as \u201cthe squats and milk program\u201d due to the abundant whole milk consumption typically considered part and parcel with the massive leg exercise. Here\u2019s a look at how and why this <a href=\"https:\/\/breakingmuscle.com\/powerbuilding\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-lasso-id=\"235483\">training strategy<\/a> has been a reliable staple for nearly a century.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>The 20-Rep Squat Program<\/strong><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><a href=\"#1\">History of the 20-Rep Squat Program<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a href=\"#2\">How to to Program 20-Rep Squats<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a href=\"#3\">Benefits of 20-Rep Squats<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a href=\"#4\">Drawbacks of the 20-Rep Squat Program<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a href=\"#5\">Sample 20-Rep Squat Program<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a href=\"#6\">Frequently Asked Questions<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><a id=\"1\" class=\"linkj\"><\/a><strong>History of the 20-Rep Squat Program<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>In today\u2019s age of quick fixes and training hacks peddled by online \u201cfitfluencers,\u201d it might be hard to believe that one specific workout program originated in the 1930s and continues to be promoted as a viable routine in the 21st century. However, that\u2019s exactly the case with 20-rep squats. The program was first popularized back when Babe Ruth was calling his shot. It had a resurgence in the \u201880s and the plan continues to be a go-to solution for building size and strength relatively quickly.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Training in the 1930s<\/h3>\n<p>From 1914 to 1935, Strength magazine, known informally as \u201cAmerica\u2019s First Muscle Magazine,\u201d was a monthly publication. It featured fitness and nutrition advice collectively known at the time as \u201cphysical culture,\u201d rather than \u201cbodybuilding\u201d or \u201cpowerlifting\u201d since those activities hadn\u2019t yet formally begun.<\/p>\n<p>Mark Berry was the magazine\u2019s editor from 1927 until the its bankruptcy in 1935. Berry was also an Olympic weightlifter and national weightlifting coach for the 1932 and 1936 Olympic teams. He used the magazine to advocate for, among other tactics, high-repetition barbell squatting for adding <a data-lasso-id=\"228527\" href=\"https:\/\/breakingmuscle.com\/how-to-build-muscle\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">muscular bulk<\/a> and <a data-lasso-id=\"228528\" href=\"https:\/\/breakingmuscle.com\/how-to-build-strength\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">strength<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>The training program was built around one centerpiece exercise \u2014 the <a data-lasso-id=\"228529\" href=\"https:\/\/breakingmuscle.com\/back-squat\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">back squat<\/a> \u2014 with very few additional exercises, mainly to address the torso and arms. This type of abbreviated training plan was performed two or three days per week, allowing rest and recovery on the remaining days.<\/p>\n<p>The minimalist training was complemented by <a href=\"https:\/\/breakingmuscle.com\/how-to-eat-more\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-lasso-id=\"228530\">high-calorie foods<\/a> to fuel muscle growth. Specifically breads, fruits, eggs, and good old fashioned milk. These basic staples were generally available to most households, even as The Great Depression rolled across the country.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-rich is-provider-instagram wp-block-embed-instagram\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<div class=\"sbi-embed-wrap\">\n<blockquote class=\"instagram-media sbi-embed\" data-instgrm-permalink=\"https:\/\/www.instagram.com\/p\/Bhy0DgABFaP\/?utm_source=ig_embed&amp;utm_campaign=loading\" data-instgrm-version=\"14\" style=\" background:#FFF; border:0; border-radius:3px; box-shadow:0 0 1px 0 rgba(0,0,0,0.5),0 1px 10px 0 rgba(0,0,0,0.15); margin: 1px; max-width:500px; min-width:326px; padding:0; width:99.375%; width:-webkit-calc(100% - 2px); width:calc(100% - 2px);\">\n<div style=\"padding:16px;\"> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.instagram.com\/p\/Bhy0DgABFaP\/?utm_source=ig_embed&amp;utm_campaign=loading\" style=\" background:#FFFFFF; line-height:0; padding:0 0; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; width:100%;\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> <\/p>\n<div style=\" display: flex; flex-direction: row; align-items: center;\">\n<div style=\"background-color: #F4F4F4; border-radius: 50%; flex-grow: 0; height: 40px; margin-right: 14px; width: 40px;\"><\/div>\n<div style=\"display: flex; flex-direction: column; flex-grow: 1; justify-content: center;\">\n<div style=\" background-color: #F4F4F4; border-radius: 4px; flex-grow: 0; height: 14px; margin-bottom: 6px; width: 100px;\"><\/div>\n<div style=\" background-color: #F4F4F4; border-radius: 4px; flex-grow: 0; height: 14px; width: 60px;\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"padding: 19% 0;\"><\/div>\n<div style=\"display:block; height:50px; margin:0 auto 12px; width:50px;\"><svg width=\"50px\" height=\"50px\" viewbox=\"0 0 60 60\" version=\"1.1\" xmlns=\"https:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" xmlns:xlink=\"https:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\"><g stroke=\"none\" stroke-width=\"1\" fill=\"none\" fill-rule=\"evenodd\"><g transform=\"translate(-511.000000, -20.000000)\" fill=\"#000000\"><g><path d=\"M556.869,30.41 C554.814,30.41 553.148,32.076 553.148,34.131 C553.148,36.186 554.814,37.852 556.869,37.852 C558.924,37.852 560.59,36.186 560.59,34.131 C560.59,32.076 558.924,30.41 556.869,30.41 M541,60.657 C535.114,60.657 530.342,55.887 530.342,50 C530.342,44.114 535.114,39.342 541,39.342 C546.887,39.342 551.658,44.114 551.658,50 C551.658,55.887 546.887,60.657 541,60.657 M541,33.886 C532.1,33.886 524.886,41.1 524.886,50 C524.886,58.899 532.1,66.113 541,66.113 C549.9,66.113 557.115,58.899 557.115,50 C557.115,41.1 549.9,33.886 541,33.886 M565.378,62.101 C565.244,65.022 564.756,66.606 564.346,67.663 C563.803,69.06 563.154,70.057 562.106,71.106 C561.058,72.155 560.06,72.803 558.662,73.347 C557.607,73.757 556.021,74.244 553.102,74.378 C549.944,74.521 548.997,74.552 541,74.552 C533.003,74.552 532.056,74.521 528.898,74.378 C525.979,74.244 524.393,73.757 523.338,73.347 C521.94,72.803 520.942,72.155 519.894,71.106 C518.846,70.057 518.197,69.06 517.654,67.663 C517.244,66.606 516.755,65.022 516.623,62.101 C516.479,58.943 516.448,57.996 516.448,50 C516.448,42.003 516.479,41.056 516.623,37.899 C516.755,34.978 517.244,33.391 517.654,32.338 C518.197,30.938 518.846,29.942 519.894,28.894 C520.942,27.846 521.94,27.196 523.338,26.654 C524.393,26.244 525.979,25.756 528.898,25.623 C532.057,25.479 533.004,25.448 541,25.448 C548.997,25.448 549.943,25.479 553.102,25.623 C556.021,25.756 557.607,26.244 558.662,26.654 C560.06,27.196 561.058,27.846 562.106,28.894 C563.154,29.942 563.803,30.938 564.346,32.338 C564.756,33.391 565.244,34.978 565.378,37.899 C565.522,41.056 565.552,42.003 565.552,50 C565.552,57.996 565.522,58.943 565.378,62.101 M570.82,37.631 C570.674,34.438 570.167,32.258 569.425,30.349 C568.659,28.377 567.633,26.702 565.965,25.035 C564.297,23.368 562.623,22.342 560.652,21.575 C558.743,20.834 556.562,20.326 553.369,20.18 C550.169,20.033 549.148,20 541,20 C532.853,20 531.831,20.033 528.631,20.18 C525.438,20.326 523.257,20.834 521.349,21.575 C519.376,22.342 517.703,23.368 516.035,25.035 C514.368,26.702 513.342,28.377 512.574,30.349 C511.834,32.258 511.326,34.438 511.181,37.631 C511.035,40.831 511,41.851 511,50 C511,58.147 511.035,59.17 511.181,62.369 C511.326,65.562 511.834,67.743 512.574,69.651 C513.342,71.625 514.368,73.296 516.035,74.965 C517.703,76.634 519.376,77.658 521.349,78.425 C523.257,79.167 525.438,79.673 528.631,79.82 C531.831,79.965 532.853,80.001 541,80.001 C549.148,80.001 550.169,79.965 553.369,79.82 C556.562,79.673 558.743,79.167 560.652,78.425 C562.623,77.658 564.297,76.634 565.965,74.965 C567.633,73.296 568.659,71.625 569.425,69.651 C570.167,67.743 570.674,65.562 570.82,62.369 C570.966,59.17 571,58.147 571,50 C571,41.851 570.966,40.831 570.82,37.631\"><\/path><\/g><\/g><\/g><\/svg><\/div>\n<div style=\"padding-top: 8px;\">\n<div style=\" color:#3897f0; font-family:Arial,sans-serif; font-size:14px; font-style:normal; font-weight:550; line-height:18px;\">View this post on Instagram<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"padding: 12.5% 0;\"><\/div>\n<div style=\"display: flex; flex-direction: row; margin-bottom: 14px; align-items: center;\">\n<div>\n<div style=\"background-color: #F4F4F4; border-radius: 50%; height: 12.5px; width: 12.5px; transform: translateX(0px) translateY(7px);\"><\/div>\n<div style=\"background-color: #F4F4F4; height: 12.5px; transform: rotate(-45deg) translateX(3px) translateY(1px); width: 12.5px; flex-grow: 0; margin-right: 14px; margin-left: 2px;\"><\/div>\n<div style=\"background-color: #F4F4F4; border-radius: 50%; height: 12.5px; width: 12.5px; transform: translateX(9px) translateY(-18px);\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"margin-left: 8px;\">\n<div style=\" background-color: #F4F4F4; border-radius: 50%; flex-grow: 0; height: 20px; width: 20px;\"><\/div>\n<div style=\" width: 0; height: 0; border-top: 2px solid transparent; border-left: 6px solid #f4f4f4; border-bottom: 2px solid transparent; transform: translateX(16px) translateY(-4px) rotate(30deg)\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"margin-left: auto;\">\n<div style=\" width: 0px; border-top: 8px solid #F4F4F4; border-right: 8px solid transparent; transform: translateY(16px);\"><\/div>\n<div style=\" background-color: #F4F4F4; flex-grow: 0; height: 12px; width: 16px; transform: translateY(-4px);\"><\/div>\n<div style=\" width: 0; height: 0; border-top: 8px solid #F4F4F4; border-left: 8px solid transparent; transform: translateY(-4px) translateX(8px);\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"display: flex; flex-direction: column; flex-grow: 1; justify-content: center; margin-bottom: 24px;\">\n<div style=\" background-color: #F4F4F4; border-radius: 4px; flex-grow: 0; height: 14px; margin-bottom: 6px; width: 224px;\"><\/div>\n<div style=\" background-color: #F4F4F4; border-radius: 4px; flex-grow: 0; height: 14px; width: 144px;\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\" color:#c9c8cd; font-family:Arial,sans-serif; font-size:14px; line-height:17px; margin-bottom:0; margin-top:8px; overflow:hidden; padding:8px 0 7px; text-align:center; text-overflow:ellipsis; white-space:nowrap;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.instagram.com\/p\/Bhy0DgABFaP\/?utm_source=ig_embed&amp;utm_campaign=loading\" style=\" color:#c9c8cd; font-family:Arial,sans-serif; font-size:14px; font-style:normal; font-weight:normal; line-height:17px; text-decoration:none;\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">A post shared by @neckbergcom<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p><script async src=\"\/\/platform.instagram.com\/en_US\/embeds.js\"><\/script><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/figure>\n<p>One of the first names associated with successfully implementing this mass-building routine was Joseph Curtis Hise, or J.C. Hise, a reader of Mark Berry\u2019s work. Hise wrote Berry to announce his results after diligently following the 20-rep squat program. Hise gained nearly 30 pounds of muscular body weight in 30 days, and would go on to be an innovative and influential strength icon in his own right.<\/p>\n<p>Continuing Berry\u2019s work, training advice centered around high-repetition squatting would be echoed in popular fitness magazines over the decades to follow. Most notable was Peary Rader\u2019s Iron Man magazine in the 1960s, where strength advocate and columnist John McCallum would continue preaching the protocol\u2019s benefits. The training tides might\u2019ve ebbed and flowed, but the 20-rep squat program continued to be a mainstay in the weight room.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">&#8220;Super Squats&#8221; and the \u201880s Fitness Craze<\/h3>\n<p>The 1980s were a relatively wild time in the fitness world. <a href=\"https:\/\/breakingmuscle.com\/arnold-schwarzenegger-classic-physique-replace-mr-olympia\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-lasso-id=\"228531\">Arnold Schwarzenegger<\/a> and Sly Stallone made muscular physiques mainstream in Hollywood; legwarmers and leotards filled commercial gyms; and follow-along workout videotapes made their way into homes.<\/p>\n<p>People were getting their training guidance from an array of newsstand magazines, VHS cassettes, and workout books often emphasizing aerobics and extreme calorie restriction. In a likely welcomed change of pace, one book in particular hit the shelves in 1989 \u2014 \u201cSuper Squats\u201d by Randall J. Strossen, Ph.D.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cSuper Squats\u201d featured the eye-catching (though debatably accurate) subtitle: \u201cHow to Gain 30 Pounds of Muscle in 6 Weeks.\u201d This was a clear testament to the significant gains and relatively short timeframe commonly associated with the 20-rep squat program.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-rich is-provider-instagram wp-block-embed-instagram\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<div class=\"sbi-embed-wrap\">\n<blockquote class=\"instagram-media sbi-embed\" data-instgrm-permalink=\"https:\/\/www.instagram.com\/p\/ByFBt1XH6oD\/?utm_source=ig_embed&amp;utm_campaign=loading\" data-instgrm-version=\"14\" style=\" background:#FFF; border:0; border-radius:3px; box-shadow:0 0 1px 0 rgba(0,0,0,0.5),0 1px 10px 0 rgba(0,0,0,0.15); margin: 1px; max-width:500px; min-width:326px; padding:0; width:99.375%; width:-webkit-calc(100% - 2px); width:calc(100% - 2px);\">\n<div style=\"padding:16px;\"> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.instagram.com\/p\/ByFBt1XH6oD\/?utm_source=ig_embed&amp;utm_campaign=loading\" style=\" background:#FFFFFF; line-height:0; padding:0 0; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; width:100%;\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> <\/p>\n<div style=\" display: flex; flex-direction: row; align-items: center;\">\n<div style=\"background-color: #F4F4F4; border-radius: 50%; flex-grow: 0; height: 40px; margin-right: 14px; width: 40px;\"><\/div>\n<div style=\"display: flex; flex-direction: column; flex-grow: 1; justify-content: center;\">\n<div style=\" background-color: #F4F4F4; border-radius: 4px; flex-grow: 0; height: 14px; margin-bottom: 6px; width: 100px;\"><\/div>\n<div style=\" background-color: #F4F4F4; border-radius: 4px; flex-grow: 0; height: 14px; width: 60px;\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"padding: 19% 0;\"><\/div>\n<div style=\"display:block; height:50px; margin:0 auto 12px; width:50px;\"><svg width=\"50px\" height=\"50px\" viewbox=\"0 0 60 60\" version=\"1.1\" xmlns=\"https:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" xmlns:xlink=\"https:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\"><g stroke=\"none\" stroke-width=\"1\" fill=\"none\" fill-rule=\"evenodd\"><g transform=\"translate(-511.000000, -20.000000)\" fill=\"#000000\"><g><path d=\"M556.869,30.41 C554.814,30.41 553.148,32.076 553.148,34.131 C553.148,36.186 554.814,37.852 556.869,37.852 C558.924,37.852 560.59,36.186 560.59,34.131 C560.59,32.076 558.924,30.41 556.869,30.41 M541,60.657 C535.114,60.657 530.342,55.887 530.342,50 C530.342,44.114 535.114,39.342 541,39.342 C546.887,39.342 551.658,44.114 551.658,50 C551.658,55.887 546.887,60.657 541,60.657 M541,33.886 C532.1,33.886 524.886,41.1 524.886,50 C524.886,58.899 532.1,66.113 541,66.113 C549.9,66.113 557.115,58.899 557.115,50 C557.115,41.1 549.9,33.886 541,33.886 M565.378,62.101 C565.244,65.022 564.756,66.606 564.346,67.663 C563.803,69.06 563.154,70.057 562.106,71.106 C561.058,72.155 560.06,72.803 558.662,73.347 C557.607,73.757 556.021,74.244 553.102,74.378 C549.944,74.521 548.997,74.552 541,74.552 C533.003,74.552 532.056,74.521 528.898,74.378 C525.979,74.244 524.393,73.757 523.338,73.347 C521.94,72.803 520.942,72.155 519.894,71.106 C518.846,70.057 518.197,69.06 517.654,67.663 C517.244,66.606 516.755,65.022 516.623,62.101 C516.479,58.943 516.448,57.996 516.448,50 C516.448,42.003 516.479,41.056 516.623,37.899 C516.755,34.978 517.244,33.391 517.654,32.338 C518.197,30.938 518.846,29.942 519.894,28.894 C520.942,27.846 521.94,27.196 523.338,26.654 C524.393,26.244 525.979,25.756 528.898,25.623 C532.057,25.479 533.004,25.448 541,25.448 C548.997,25.448 549.943,25.479 553.102,25.623 C556.021,25.756 557.607,26.244 558.662,26.654 C560.06,27.196 561.058,27.846 562.106,28.894 C563.154,29.942 563.803,30.938 564.346,32.338 C564.756,33.391 565.244,34.978 565.378,37.899 C565.522,41.056 565.552,42.003 565.552,50 C565.552,57.996 565.522,58.943 565.378,62.101 M570.82,37.631 C570.674,34.438 570.167,32.258 569.425,30.349 C568.659,28.377 567.633,26.702 565.965,25.035 C564.297,23.368 562.623,22.342 560.652,21.575 C558.743,20.834 556.562,20.326 553.369,20.18 C550.169,20.033 549.148,20 541,20 C532.853,20 531.831,20.033 528.631,20.18 C525.438,20.326 523.257,20.834 521.349,21.575 C519.376,22.342 517.703,23.368 516.035,25.035 C514.368,26.702 513.342,28.377 512.574,30.349 C511.834,32.258 511.326,34.438 511.181,37.631 C511.035,40.831 511,41.851 511,50 C511,58.147 511.035,59.17 511.181,62.369 C511.326,65.562 511.834,67.743 512.574,69.651 C513.342,71.625 514.368,73.296 516.035,74.965 C517.703,76.634 519.376,77.658 521.349,78.425 C523.257,79.167 525.438,79.673 528.631,79.82 C531.831,79.965 532.853,80.001 541,80.001 C549.148,80.001 550.169,79.965 553.369,79.82 C556.562,79.673 558.743,79.167 560.652,78.425 C562.623,77.658 564.297,76.634 565.965,74.965 C567.633,73.296 568.659,71.625 569.425,69.651 C570.167,67.743 570.674,65.562 570.82,62.369 C570.966,59.17 571,58.147 571,50 C571,41.851 570.966,40.831 570.82,37.631\"><\/path><\/g><\/g><\/g><\/svg><\/div>\n<div style=\"padding-top: 8px;\">\n<div style=\" color:#3897f0; font-family:Arial,sans-serif; font-size:14px; font-style:normal; font-weight:550; line-height:18px;\">View this post on Instagram<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"padding: 12.5% 0;\"><\/div>\n<div style=\"display: flex; flex-direction: row; margin-bottom: 14px; align-items: center;\">\n<div>\n<div style=\"background-color: #F4F4F4; border-radius: 50%; height: 12.5px; width: 12.5px; transform: translateX(0px) translateY(7px);\"><\/div>\n<div style=\"background-color: #F4F4F4; height: 12.5px; transform: rotate(-45deg) translateX(3px) translateY(1px); width: 12.5px; flex-grow: 0; margin-right: 14px; margin-left: 2px;\"><\/div>\n<div style=\"background-color: #F4F4F4; border-radius: 50%; height: 12.5px; width: 12.5px; transform: translateX(9px) translateY(-18px);\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"margin-left: 8px;\">\n<div style=\" background-color: #F4F4F4; border-radius: 50%; flex-grow: 0; height: 20px; width: 20px;\"><\/div>\n<div style=\" width: 0; height: 0; border-top: 2px solid transparent; border-left: 6px solid #f4f4f4; border-bottom: 2px solid transparent; transform: translateX(16px) translateY(-4px) rotate(30deg)\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"margin-left: auto;\">\n<div style=\" width: 0px; border-top: 8px solid #F4F4F4; border-right: 8px solid transparent; transform: translateY(16px);\"><\/div>\n<div style=\" background-color: #F4F4F4; flex-grow: 0; height: 12px; width: 16px; transform: translateY(-4px);\"><\/div>\n<div style=\" width: 0; height: 0; border-top: 8px solid #F4F4F4; border-left: 8px solid transparent; transform: translateY(-4px) translateX(8px);\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"display: flex; flex-direction: column; flex-grow: 1; justify-content: center; margin-bottom: 24px;\">\n<div style=\" background-color: #F4F4F4; border-radius: 4px; flex-grow: 0; height: 14px; margin-bottom: 6px; width: 224px;\"><\/div>\n<div style=\" background-color: #F4F4F4; border-radius: 4px; flex-grow: 0; height: 14px; width: 144px;\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\" color:#c9c8cd; font-family:Arial,sans-serif; font-size:14px; line-height:17px; margin-bottom:0; margin-top:8px; overflow:hidden; padding:8px 0 7px; text-align:center; text-overflow:ellipsis; white-space:nowrap;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.instagram.com\/p\/ByFBt1XH6oD\/?utm_source=ig_embed&amp;utm_campaign=loading\" style=\" color:#c9c8cd; font-family:Arial,sans-serif; font-size:14px; font-style:normal; font-weight:normal; line-height:17px; text-decoration:none;\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">A post shared by Bill Davies (@williamjohn_davies)<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p><script async src=\"\/\/platform.instagram.com\/en_US\/embeds.js\"><\/script><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/figure>\n<p>In his book, Strossen recalled the lessons of Berry, Hise, and those who came before him in the lifting world. He also re-introduced the 20-rep squat program itself, in detail, while presenting related ideas such as the importance of proper diet, ample rest, and even a section discussing the correct attitude and mindset for the challenging routine.<\/p>\n<p>While plenty of emphasis was placed on the thrice-weekly training sessions, just as much discussion was given to realistic goal-setting, tracking progress, and building the self-motivation and mental toughness needed to complete all 20 repetitions.<\/p>\n<p>More than 30 years since its first printing, Strossen\u2019s book remains on the \u201csuggested reading\u201d list of many strength coaches, personal trainers, and experienced lifters in large part to its continued relevance and applicable lessons.<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><a id=\"2\" class=\"linkj\"><\/a><strong>How to Program 20-Rep Squats<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>The 20-rep squat program has a few fundamental, non-negotiable aspects as well as general principles that could allow a degree of flexibility.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Breathing Squats<\/h3>\n<p>Performing a typical set of 20 repetitions is <em>usually<\/em> a fairly straightforward scenario. Whether it\u2019s a <a data-lasso-id=\"228532\" href=\"https:\/\/breakingmuscle.com\/push-up-variations\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">push-up<\/a>, <a data-lasso-id=\"228533\" href=\"https:\/\/breakingmuscle.com\/lat-pulldown\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">lat pulldown<\/a>, or <a data-lasso-id=\"228534\" href=\"https:\/\/breakingmuscle.com\/hammer-curls-vs-biceps-curls\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">dumbbell curl<\/a>, you typically just lift and lower the weight consistently until the set is completed.<\/p>\n<p>However, with the 20-rep squat program, you\u2019re not simply performing a set of squats for 20 reps. You\u2019re performing <em>breathing squats<\/em>, so named because deliberate, deep breathing is a mandatory part of the exercise technique.<\/p>\n<p>Rather than exhaling while exerting force and inhaling as you lower the weight, or bracing your core throughout the movement and quickly stealing a mini-breath between repetitions, a set of breathing squats is done with very intentional breathing \u2014 fully exhaling and fully inhaling multiple times\u2014 between individual reps.<\/p>\n<p>This extends the overall duration of the set, keeping the weight on your back for minutes at a time. A long duration set means your body stabilizers are put through a long time under tension which may help to trigger systemic muscle growth. (<a data-lasso-id=\"228535\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC3285070\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">1<\/a>) Interestingly, and perhaps not surprisingly, modern sports science research has validated the potential muscle- and strength-building benefits of this type of mid-repetition resting protocol. (<a data-lasso-id=\"228536\" href=\"https:\/\/journals.lww.com\/nsca-jscr\/Fulltext\/2017\/03000\/Theoretical_and_Practical_Aspects_of_Different.33.aspx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">2<\/a>)<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"760\" height=\"427\" src=\"http:\/\/bestratefinders.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/Shutterstock_1860704779-1.jpg\" alt=\"long-haired person in gym straining lifting weights\" class=\"wp-image-164775\" srcset=\"http:\/\/bestratefinders.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/Shutterstock_1860704779-1.jpg 760w, https:\/\/breakingmuscle.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/Shutterstock_1860704779-1-120x68.jpg 120w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 760px) 100vw, 760px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Credit: Jacob Lund \/ Shutterstock<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>As one might expect, several permutations of breathing squats have been attempted over the years, manipulating the breathing patterns with the loading and repetition performance. Two primary methods have remained.<\/p>\n<p>Breathing squats can be done with <strong>multiple deep breaths between each individual repetition<\/strong>. This is a more traditional method, in line with Berry\u2019s original recommendation. After unracking the bar and setting up your stance, take two or three deep diaphragmatic breaths before performing the first repetition. Upon locking out in the standing position, take two or three breaths before performing the next rep. This pattern is continued until 20 squats have been performed.<\/p>\n<p>This approach is very similar to the <a data-lasso-id=\"228537\" href=\"https:\/\/breakingmuscle.com\/bench-press-workout\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">&#8220;cluster rep&#8221; technique<\/a> and helps to maintain performance for longer duration sets. The set of \u201c20 reps\u201d can almost be approached as 20 individual repetitions (without racking the bar between each repetition). This can help to ensure optimal technique and focus. It also accommodates lifters of any strength level and can be performed with any weight, unlike the next breathing squat alternative.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Perform a 10-repetition maximum lift with standard technique, taking deep breaths from reps 11 to 20<\/strong>. This approach requires the lifter to load their 10-repetition max (10RM) on the bar and perform a straightforward set of 10 reps with a typical breathing pattern. Upon reaching muscular failure, rather than re-rack the weight, the lifter stands in the locked out position and takes three to five deep diaphragmatic breaths before performing an eleventh rep.<\/p>\n<p>Upon lockout, take another three to five deep breaths before rep number 12. Repeat this grueling process until you stand up with the twentieth rep, before gratefully racking the bar. For many lifters, this &#8220;do 20 reps with your 10RM&#8221; method is the more challenging version because it requires taking the movement to muscular failure before continuing the set one arduous squat at a time. It\u2019s not uncommon for lifters to simply be unable to complete all 20 repetitions with this approach.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Assistance Exercises<\/h3>\n<p>While the barbell back squat is the training priority of any 20-rep squat program, additional movements are needed to address the rest of the body.<\/p>\n<p>Typically these movements focus on the upper body with little to no added <a data-lasso-id=\"228772\" href=\"https:\/\/breakingmuscle.com\/best-leg-exercises\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">lower body exercises<\/a>. Performing <strong>an excessive amount of assistance exercises would increase fatigue and decrease recovery ability <\/strong>without contributing significantly to results.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"760\" height=\"427\" src=\"http:\/\/bestratefinders.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/shutterstock_1603653757.jpg\" alt=\"shirtless muscular person in gym curling barbell\" class=\"wp-image-162467\" srcset=\"http:\/\/bestratefinders.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/shutterstock_1603653757.jpg 760w, https:\/\/breakingmuscle.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/shutterstock_1603653757-120x68.jpg 120w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 760px) 100vw, 760px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Credit: Paul Aiken \/ Shutterstock<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>In the early days of Mark Berry and J.C. Hise, the squat was complemented by the <a data-lasso-id=\"228940\" href=\"https:\/\/breakingmuscle.com\/overhead-press-variations\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">behind-the-neck shoulder press<\/a>, <a data-lasso-id=\"228773\" href=\"https:\/\/breakingmuscle.com\/barbell-curl\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">barbell curl<\/a>, and <a data-lasso-id=\"228774\" href=\"https:\/\/breakingmuscle.com\/dumbbell-pullover\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">barbell pullover<\/a>. This barebones plan allowed lifters to focus their energy on completing the squat portion first and foremost, with the supplemental exercises rounding out a very simplified &#8220;<a data-lasso-id=\"228941\" href=\"https:\/\/breakingmuscle.com\/workout-splits\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">full-body workout<\/a>&#8221; by training the <a data-lasso-id=\"228942\" href=\"https:\/\/breakingmuscle.com\/best-chest-workouts\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">chest<\/a>, back, <a data-lasso-id=\"228943\" href=\"https:\/\/breakingmuscle.com\/best-shoulder-workouts\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">shoulders<\/a>, and arms with the chosen exercises.<\/p>\n<p>Strossen offered two detailed workouts in &#8220;Super Squats.&#8221; The &#8220;basic routine&#8221; was quite comprehensive and included the behind-the-neck press, <a data-lasso-id=\"229141\" href=\"https:\/\/breakingmuscle.com\/bench-press\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">bench press<\/a>, <a data-lasso-id=\"229142\" href=\"https:\/\/breakingmuscle.com\/bent-over-barbell-row\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">barbell row<\/a>, barbell curl, squat, a pullover variation, stiff-leg deadlift, <a data-lasso-id=\"229144\" href=\"https:\/\/breakingmuscle.com\/calf-raise\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">calf raise<\/a>, and <a data-lasso-id=\"229145\" href=\"https:\/\/breakingmuscle.com\/cable-crunch\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">crunch<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>The book also offered an &#8220;abbreviated program&#8221; for lifters who had particular trouble gaining body weight on the expansive basic routine. This condensed program required simply the bench press, squat, <a href=\"https:\/\/breakingmuscle.com\/pendlay-row\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-lasso-id=\"229146\">barbell row<\/a>, and a specialized pullover variation known as a &#8220;Rader chest pull&#8221; \u2014 essentially a standing, static\/isometric exercise that mimicked the mid-point of a pullover.<\/p>\n<p>The common thread with any assistance training was to primarily <strong>target the upper body with a <a data-lasso-id=\"229147\" href=\"https:\/\/breakingmuscle.com\/best-chest-exercises\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">&#8220;pushing&#8221; exercise<\/a>, a <a data-lasso-id=\"229148\" href=\"https:\/\/breakingmuscle.com\/best-upper-body-pulling-exercises\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">&#8220;pulling&#8221; exercise<\/a>, and some type of <a data-lasso-id=\"229149\" href=\"https:\/\/breakingmuscle.com\/straight-arm-pushdown\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">pullover<\/a><\/strong>. The pullover, in particular, was often suggested to &#8220;expand&#8221; the lifters&#8217; ribcage. While there&#8217;s no anatomical way for that to occur, the exercise does efficiently target the back, chest, shoulder, and <a href=\"https:\/\/breakingmuscle.com\/best-triceps-exercises\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-lasso-id=\"235484\">triceps<\/a> muscles, making it an excellent choice for overall upper-body growth.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Two to Three Workouts Per Week<\/h3>\n<p>The nature of the 20-rep squat program \u2014 full-body workouts performing the <a data-lasso-id=\"229150\" href=\"https:\/\/breakingmuscle.com\/squat-every-day\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">squat in every session<\/a> \u2014 allows three concentrated training days with four days of rest.<\/p>\n<p>For lifters with a <a data-lasso-id=\"229151\" href=\"https:\/\/breakingmuscle.com\/start-training-over-40\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">poor recover capacity<\/a> or those who perform significant physical activity outside the gym (such as a career in manual labor or playing rec-league sports), two training days could yield better overall results.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"760\" height=\"427\" src=\"http:\/\/bestratefinders.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/Shutterstock_713468662.jpg\" alt=\"muscular person performing barbell squat\" class=\"wp-image-164615\" srcset=\"http:\/\/bestratefinders.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/Shutterstock_713468662.jpg 760w, https:\/\/breakingmuscle.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/Shutterstock_713468662-120x68.jpg 120w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 760px) 100vw, 760px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Credit: Dragon Images \/ Shutterstock<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>This can be a drastic change of pace for those more accustomed to training four or five days per week with a more conventional <a data-lasso-id=\"229152\" href=\"https:\/\/breakingmuscle.com\/bodybuilding-workout\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">bodybuilding-style training split<\/a>. Balancing high-frequency training (working the squat in each workout) with sufficient overall recovery is critical for steadily recovering and growing during the course of the plan.<\/p>\n<p>This intensity of the 20-rep squat set is so high that many lifters come to realize, &#8220;<strong>if you feel like training more days per week, you&#8217;re not pushing hard enough during the breathing squats<\/strong>.&#8221;<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">GOMAD: Gallon of Milk a Day<\/h3>\n<p>The 20-rep squat program isn&#8217;t designed for lifters who are looking to <a href=\"https:\/\/breakingmuscle.com\/how-to-burn-fat\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-lasso-id=\"235485\">get lean<\/a>. It&#8217;s not even necessarily for those looking to get into &#8220;bodybuilding shape&#8221; by targeting individual muscles, or lifters who want to move heavy weights and hit new PRs.<\/p>\n<p>20-rep squats are used, first and foremost, to gain muscular bodyweight. That requires an <a href=\"https:\/\/breakingmuscle.com\/how-to-eat-more\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-lasso-id=\"235486\">abundance of high-quality calories<\/a> to maximize recovery, growth, and performance in the demanding workouts. (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC6710320\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-lasso-id=\"235487\">3<\/a>)<\/p>\n<p>One keys to reaching the necessary (arguably excessive) calorie surplus is a habit promoted since the program&#8217;s inception: <strong>drinking a significant amount of whole milk every day, in addition to three hearty, well-balanced meals<\/strong>. Drinking milk <em>instead of<\/em> meals is a common but extremely counterproductive mistake made by some lifters new to the program.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"760\" height=\"427\" src=\"http:\/\/bestratefinders.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/Shutterstock_1769468534.png\" alt=\"Person taking milk out of refrigerator\" class=\"wp-image-186022\" srcset=\"http:\/\/bestratefinders.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/Shutterstock_1769468534.png 760w, https:\/\/breakingmuscle.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/Shutterstock_1769468534-120x68.png 120w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 760px) 100vw, 760px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Credit: TommyStockProject \/ Shutterstock<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Whole milk has long-been associated with building muscle. (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC2569005\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-lasso-id=\"235488\">4<\/a>) It&#8217;s packed with highly efficient protein while delivering usable carbohydrates and calorie-dense fats to round out a complete nutrition profile. It&#8217;s also a relatively inexpensive way to add calories compared to whole food sources.<\/p>\n<p>Liquid calories (those that are drank rather than chewed) are generally less satiating, which can make it easier for lifters to take in enough calories when their appetite might otherwise be an obstacle.<\/p>\n<p>Berry&#8217;s initial recommendation was two liters (a half-gallon) each day, delivering 1,200 total calories. Strossen took a more drastic approach, suggesting lifters begin with a half-gallon daily and progress up to one full gallon per day to support significant growth.<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><a id=\"3\" class=\"linkj\"><\/a><strong>Benefits of 20-Rep Squats<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>High-frequency squatting, high-calorie intake, and consistent hard work should be a reliable recipe for progress in the gym. Here&#8217;s what you can expect when you push yourself with the 20-rep squat program.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Size<\/h3>\n<p>This program is inherently associated with packing on pounds of muscular bodyweight. When the workouts are followed and complemented by an abundance of calories, the scale will be moving up.<\/p>\n<p>Whether you&#8217;re looking to go up a weight class in a sport or trying to build a base of muscle, 20-rep squats are one of the most challenging, and most effective, bulking routines the fitness world has seen in almost a century.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Strength<\/h3>\n<p>Emphasizing a single lift \u2014 the back squat, in the case of the classic 20-rep squat program \u2014 is an effective way to improve strength, technique, and overall performance of that exercise. Spending four to six weeks focused on the back squat as your primary lower body exercise should carry over to improved strength gains overall.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"760\" height=\"427\" src=\"http:\/\/bestratefinders.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/shutterstock_545447944.jpg\" alt=\"muscular person performing barbell squat in gym\" class=\"wp-image-163269\" srcset=\"http:\/\/bestratefinders.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/shutterstock_545447944.jpg 760w, https:\/\/breakingmuscle.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/shutterstock_545447944-120x68.jpg 120w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 760px) 100vw, 760px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Credit: Nestor Rizhniak \/ Shutterstock<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>The supportive muscles of your <a href=\"https:\/\/breakingmuscle.com\/best-ab-workouts\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-lasso-id=\"235489\">core and lower back<\/a> also get recruited for high-frequency training. As they adapt, you&#8217;ll build strength and endurance along with the capacity to tolerate a greater workload, making them stronger stabilizers to carry over to other lifts.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Mental Toughness<\/h3>\n<p>This benefit might not seem as apparent or objective as muscular size or strength, but breathing squats are notorious for building mental toughness with each consecutive repetition. When you&#8217;re standing at lockout, supporting the weight across your upper back and taking each deep breath, you&#8217;re convincing yourself that you can complete just one more rep.<\/p>\n<p>Repeating that positive self-talk rep after rep, and workout after workout, and week after week can have a net-positive effect on your overall mental approach to challenges, in the gym and outside of it. After some weeks of performing 20-rep squats, a &#8220;regular&#8221; hard set of deadlifts or bench presses likely won&#8217;t seem as daunting compared to the struggle of high-rep breathing squats.<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><a id=\"4\" class=\"linkj\"><\/a><strong>Drawbacks of 20-Rep Squats<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>While the 20-rep squat program has survived and thrived through generations of lifters, it&#8217;s not without a few inherent issue. Here&#8217;s what to watch for before tackling this long-established training plan.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Body Fat Gain<\/h3>\n<p>Any type of &#8220;bulking&#8221; routine is often associated with a degree of body fat gain. While you can&#8217;t necessarily rush the process of muscle-building, you can encourage it by providing your body with an abundance of nutrients \u2014 particularly calories and protein \u2014 to create new muscle tissue.<\/p>\n<p>Once the rate of muscle tissue has been met, additional nutrients will be shuttled toward stored body fat. This is sometimes seen as a &#8220;necessary evil&#8221; when the goal is overall muscular growth. While the body may only be able to build up to two to three pounds of muscle tissue per month, a caloric surplus is an efficient way to achieve the end result. (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC4836564\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-lasso-id=\"235490\">5<\/a>)(<a href=\"https:\/\/journals.physiology.org\/doi\/full\/10.1152\/jappl.1998.85.2.695\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-lasso-id=\"235491\">6<\/a>)<\/p>\n<p>Before beginning the 20-rep squat routine, understand that lean <a href=\"https:\/\/breakingmuscle.com\/how-to-burn-fat\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-lasso-id=\"235492\">ab definition<\/a> is neither the goal nor the end result of the program. That may be a target for a later date, but the 20-rep squat program itself isn&#8217;t a means to that specific end.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Limited Development<\/h3>\n<p>Any type of minimalist program \u2014 one that uses few exercises and\/or few training days per week \u2014 will knowingly compromise on overall potential development as it works along a more generally efficient training plan.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"760\" height=\"427\" src=\"http:\/\/bestratefinders.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/shutterstock_1721433106.jpg\" alt=\"person standing with barbell across shoulders\" class=\"wp-image-162650\" srcset=\"http:\/\/bestratefinders.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/shutterstock_1721433106.jpg 760w, https:\/\/breakingmuscle.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/shutterstock_1721433106-120x68.jpg 120w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 760px) 100vw, 760px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Credit: Mongkolchon Akesin \/ Shutterstock<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>The 20-rep squat program isn&#8217;t for lifters looking to develop a necessarily fine-tuned, entirely symmetrical physique. It&#8217;s also not for lifters looking to target muscle groups with multiple exercises per session for maximum growth in a specific body part. In fact, certain muscles may go under-addressed in the short-term due to the relatively limited exercise menu of the workout plan.<\/p>\n<p>This is necessary by design, since the 20-rep squat plan focuses on the squat itself and only a handful of additional exercises for several weeks. It&#8217;s acceptable that <a href=\"https:\/\/breakingmuscle.com\/barbell-skull-crusher\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-lasso-id=\"235493\">the triceps<\/a> or <a href=\"https:\/\/breakingmuscle.com\/dumbbell-ab-workouts\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-lasso-id=\"235494\">the abdominals<\/a> or <a href=\"https:\/\/breakingmuscle.com\/calf-raise\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-lasso-id=\"235495\">the calves<\/a> don&#8217;t receive direct training during the course of the plan because the focus is on successfully completing 20 reps of the squat, several times per week.<\/p>\n<p>Were the program to be continued for a long-term, this could potentially raise noticeable development issues. One benefit of the training plan being intentionally a short-term training phase is that those developmental issues never come to pass. <\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><a id=\"5\" class=\"linkj\"><\/a><strong>Sample 20-Rep Squat Program<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>Ready to tackle this time-honored training program? Here&#8217;s a plan that&#8217;s quite in line with Berry&#8217;s original routine. Use the original breathing squat pattern \u2014 taking <strong>two to three deep breaths between each repetition<\/strong> in the standing, locked out position. Repeat the workout three days per week, with at least one day of rest between each session.<\/p>\n<p>As a consistent means of progress, <strong>add five pounds to the squat each workout<\/strong>. For example, if you perform 20 reps with 185 pounds on Monday, use 190 pounds on Wednesday, 195 pounds on Friday, 200 pounds the following Monday, etc. If you fail to achieve all 20 repetitions in a workout, repeat the weight for the following session until successful.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">The Classic Workout<\/h3>\n<p><strong>Back Squat 1 x 20<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Pullover 1 x 15-20<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/breakingmuscle.com\/deadlift-vs-sumo-deadlift\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-lasso-id=\"235496\">Romanian Deadlift<\/a> 2 x 10-12<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/breakingmuscle.com\/overhead-dumbbell-press\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-lasso-id=\"235497\">Standing Dumbbell Shoulder Press<\/a> 3 x 10-12<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/breakingmuscle.com\/lat-pulldown\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-lasso-id=\"235498\">Reverse-Grip Pulldown<\/a> 3 x 10-12<\/strong><\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Hard Work Always Pays Off<\/h2>\n<p>With nearly a century-long lineage, calling the 20-rep squat program \u201ca unique experience\u201d is an understatement. For some lifters, the routine is a rite of passage marking full-fledged entrance to intense weight training. For others, surviving a few weeks of 20-rep squats is a bucket list item to be done for bragging rights, if not size and strength. While some fitness trends come and go, this dependable training plan will continue delivering gains for generations to come.<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><a id=\"6\" class=\"linkj\"><\/a><strong>FAQs<\/strong><\/h2>\n<div class=\"schema-faq wp-block-yoast-faq-block\">\n<div class=\"schema-faq-section\" id=\"faq-question-1681327440368\"><strong class=\"schema-faq-question\">Do I have to perform back squats or can I use a different leg exercise?<\/strong> <\/p>\n<p class=\"schema-faq-answer\">If you want to follow the letter of the law, then yes, barbell back squats are the traditional choice for 20-rep squats. If you want to adhere to the spirit of the law, then any squat variation that allows you to safely push yourself to your limits, and beyond, can be used without sacrificing much (if any) progress.<br \/>In fact, J.C Hise didn&#8217;t use the classic barbell back squat for his impressive transformation. He machined a slight curve to his barbell so it would sit more comfortably and more ergonomically along his upper back. Several decades later, the similar \u201cbuffalo bar\u201d or camber bar would become a somewhat commonplace barbell design allowing squatters to reduce shoulder strain and increase upper back stability.<br \/>Following his lead, using a safety squat bar or cambered bar for 20-rep squats would absolutely be acceptable. Exercises like the <a href=\"https:\/\/breakingmuscle.com\/front-squat-alternatives\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-lasso-id=\"235499\">front squat<\/a> may be problematic because holding the rack position for the extended duration will likely make upper back and core fatigue a limiting factor rather than lower body strength.<br \/>Similarly, <a href=\"https:\/\/breakingmuscle.com\/deadlift-variations\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-lasso-id=\"235500\">deadlift variations<\/a> would likely cause your grip and\/or lower back to be the first muscle groups to fail, limiting your ability to safely achieve all 20 repetitions. Machine exercises like the leg press or <a href=\"https:\/\/breakingmuscle.com\/hack-squat\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-lasso-id=\"235501\">hack squat<\/a> virtually eliminate your upper body entirely, making them generally less efficient as the focus lift of the plan.<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<div class=\"schema-faq-section\" id=\"faq-question-1681327965127\"><strong class=\"schema-faq-question\">Do I really have to drink a gallon of whole milk a day? Would skim milk or a non-dairy alternative work?<\/strong> <\/p>\n<p class=\"schema-faq-answer\">Remember that the purpose of the milk is an inexpensive, nutrient-dense, food that&#8217;s extremely easy to get down. A full gallon is certainly not necessary \u2014 Berry advocated for half as much.<br \/>Low-fat milk options could be considered, as long as you factor in the relatively reduced calories they deliver. A half-gallon of skim milk delivers 720 calories compared to 1,200 calories of whole milk, without trading the quality protein content.<br \/>Non-dairy alternatives such as oat milk, almond milk, or soy milk would also provide significantly different nutrient levels \u2014 most notably, the quality protein that&#8217;s indispensable for muscle growth but severely lacking in many nut-based milk alternatives. Without enough high-quality protein, your body won&#8217;t have the literal building blocks needed to repair and build muscle. (<a href=\"https:\/\/sportsmedicine-open.springeropen.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s40798-022-00508-w\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-lasso-id=\"235502\">7<\/a>)<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">References<\/h2>\n<ol>\n<li>Burd, N. A., Andrews, R. J., West, D. W., Little, J. P., Cochran, A. J., Hector, A. J., Cashaback, J. G., Gibala, M. J., Potvin, J. R., Baker, S. K., &amp; Phillips, S. M. (2012). Muscle time under tension during resistance exercise stimulates differential muscle protein sub-fractional synthetic responses in men. <em>The Journal of physiology<\/em>, <em>590<\/em>(2), 351\u2013362. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1113\/jphysiol.2011.221200<\/li>\n<li>Tufano, James J.1,2; Brown, Lee E.3; Haff, G. Gregory1. Theoretical and Practical Aspects of Different Cluster Set Structures: A Systematic Review. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research 31(3):p 848-867, March 2017. | DOI: 10.1519\/JSC.0000000000001581<\/li>\n<li>Slater, G. J., Dieter, B. P., Marsh, D. J., Helms, E. R., Shaw, G., &amp; Iraki, J. (2019). Is an Energy Surplus Required to Maximize Skeletal Muscle Hypertrophy Associated With Resistance Training.\u00a0<em>Frontiers in nutrition<\/em>,\u00a0<em>6<\/em>, 131. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fnut.2019.00131<\/li>\n<li>Roy B. D. (2008). Milk: the new sports drink? A Review.\u00a0<em>Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition<\/em>,\u00a0<em>5<\/em>, 15. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1550-2783-5-15<\/li>\n<li>Thomas, M. H., &amp; Burns, S. P. (2016). Increasing Lean Mass and Strength: A Comparison of High Frequency Strength Training to Lower Frequency Strength Training.\u00a0<em>International journal of exercise science<\/em>,\u00a0<em>9<\/em>(2), 159\u2013167.<\/li>\n<li>Brett A. Dolezal\u00a0and\u00a0Jeffrey A. PotteigerJournal of Applied Physiology\u00a01998\u00a085:2,\u00a0695-700<\/li>\n<li>Tagawa, R., Watanabe, D., Ito, K.\u00a0<em>et al.<\/em>\u00a0Synergistic Effect of Increased Total Protein Intake and Strength Training on Muscle Strength: A Dose-Response Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.\u00a0<em>Sports Med &#8211; Open<\/em>\u00a0<strong>8<\/strong>, 110 (2022). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s40798-022-00508-w<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><em>Featured Image: Jacob Lund \/ Shutterstock<\/em><\/p>\n<p>The post <a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/breakingmuscle.com\/20-rep-squat-program\/\">The 20-Rep Squat Program for Old School Size and Strength<\/a> appeared first on <a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/breakingmuscle.com\">Breaking Muscle<\/a>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Tell an experienced lifter to do 20 reps of curls and they\u2019ll say it\u2019s too easy. Tell them to do 20 reps of pull-ups and they\u2019ll say it\u2019s too hard. Tell them to do 20 reps of squats and, if they know their stuff, they\u2019ll start to tremble. The 20-rep squat program has a long and fabled history&#8230;<br \/>\nThe post The 20-Rep Squat Program for Old School Size and Strength appeared first on Breaking Muscle.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":11953,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"wprm-recipe-roundup-name":"","wprm-recipe-roundup-description":""},"categories":[20,1,21,22,19],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/bestratefinders.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11951"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/bestratefinders.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/bestratefinders.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bestratefinders.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bestratefinders.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=11951"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/bestratefinders.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11951\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":11956,"href":"https:\/\/bestratefinders.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11951\/revisions\/11956"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bestratefinders.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/11953"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/bestratefinders.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=11951"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bestratefinders.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=11951"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bestratefinders.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=11951"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}